Esophegeal (Foodpipe) and Esophego-gastric Junction Cancer

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Esophageal (foodpipe) and Esophagus-gastric Junction Cancer

Esophageal cancer is a cancer that develops in the esophagus, which is the muscular tube that runs from the mouth to the stomach. While the cancer typically begins in the cells of the inner lining of the esophagus, it can eventually progress to other layers of the esophagus, and even to other parts of the body.

What Are the Symptoms of Esophageal (Foodpipe) and Esophagus-gastric Junction Cancer?

  • Pain, discomfort or burning sensations in the middle of the chest (behind the breastbone)
  • Decreased appetite and/or unintentional weight loss
  • Bleeding in the esophagus and/or bloody stool
  • Indigestion and heartburn
  • Respiratory fistulas, which can, in turn, cause a chronic cough and/or fever
  • Hiccups (caused by the cancer invading the phrenic nerves or the diaphragm)
  • Hoarseness and/or a chronic cough (caused by the cancer invading the laryngeal nerves)
  • Back pain (caused by the cancer invading the pericardium or mediastinum)
  • Hypercalcemia and bone pain (caused by the cancer invading the bones)
  • Heartburn

Causes

It’s not exactly clear what causes esophageal cancer.
Esophageal cancer occurs when cells in your esophagus develop errors (mutations) in their DNA. The errors make cells grow and divide out of control. The accumulating abnormal cells form a tumor in the esophagus that can grow to invade nearby structures and spread to other parts of the body.

Treatment

  • Surgery
  • Chemotherapy
  • Radiation therapy
  • Combined chemotherapy and radiation

Diagnosis

  • Endoscopy
  • Biopsy

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